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Karl Marx's ideas about the state can be divided into three subject areas: pre-capitalist states, states in the capitalist (''i.e.'' present) era, and the state (or absence of one) in post-capitalist society. Overlaying this is the fact that his own ideas about the state changed as he grew older, differing in his early pre-communist phase, the "young Marx" phase which predates the unsuccessful 1848 uprisings in Europe, and in his mature, more nuanced work. ==The bourgeois state== In Marx's 1843 ''Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right'', his basic conception is that the state and civil society are separate; however, he already saw some limitations to that model: By the time he wrote ''The German Ideology'' (1846), Marx viewed the state as a creature of the bourgeois economic interest. Two years later that idea was expounded in ''The Communist Manifesto''〔http://www.marxists.org/archive/works/marx/1848/communist-manifesto/ch01.htm〕 This represents the high point of conformance of the state theory to a strict economic interpretation of history: The forces of production determine peoples' production relations; their production relations determine all other relations, including the political.〔The economic interpretation of history, also called historical materialism, is expounded in ''The German Ideology'', (Chapter 1 ); and in the (Preface ) to ''A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy'' (1859). (Chapter 3 ) of ''The German Ideology'' has material on its connection to the state. 〕 ("Determines" is the strong form of the claim, Marx also uses "conditions". Also, even "determination" is not causality, and some reciprocity of action is admitted.) The bourgeoisie control the economy, therefore they control the state. The state, in this theory, is an instrument of class rule. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marx's theory of the state」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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